মঙ্গলবার, ৮ মে, ২০১২

Thousands march as Japan shuts off nuclear power

Participants raise banners with a slogan, "Good bye, nuclear power station", at a rally protesting against the usage of nuclear energy in Tokyo Saturday, May 5, 2012. Thousands of Japanese marched to celebrate the last of this nation's 50 nuclear reactors switching off Saturday, shaking banners shaped as giant fish that have become a potent anti-nuclear symbol. (AP Photo/Itsuo Inouye)

Participants raise banners with a slogan, "Good bye, nuclear power station", at a rally protesting against the usage of nuclear energy in Tokyo Saturday, May 5, 2012. Thousands of Japanese marched to celebrate the last of this nation's 50 nuclear reactors switching off Saturday, shaking banners shaped as giant fish that have become a potent anti-nuclear symbol. (AP Photo/Itsuo Inouye)

A traditional "Koinobori" carp-shaped banner for Children's Day flies at a rally protesting against the usage of nuclear energy in Tokyo, Saturday, May 5, 2012. Thousands of Japanese marched to celebrate the last of this nation's 50 nuclear reactors switching off Saturday, shaking banners shaped as giant fish that have become a potent anti-nuclear symbol. (AP Photo/Itsuo Inouye)

A participant wears an anti-nuclear sign at a rally protesting against the usage of nuclear energy in Tokyo Saturday, May 5, 2012. Thousands of Japanese marched to celebrate the last of this nation's 50 nuclear reactors switching off Saturday, shaking banners shaped as giant fish that have become a potent anti-nuclear symbol. (AP Photo/Itsuo Inouye)

Participants hold a traditional "Koinobori" carp-shaped banner for Children's Day during a march protesting against the usage of nuclear energy in Tokyo Saturday, May 5, 2012. Thousands of Japanese marched to celebrate the last of this nation's 50 nuclear reactors switching off Saturday, shaking banners shaped as giant fish that have become a potent anti-nuclear symbol. (AP Photo/Itsuo Inouye)

Participants gather at a rally protesting against the usage of nuclear energy in Tokyo Saturday, May 5, 2012. Thousands of Japanese marched to celebrate the last of this nation's 50 nuclear reactors switching off Saturday, shaking banners shaped as giant fish that have become a potent anti-nuclear symbol. (AP Photo/Itsuo Inouye)

TOKYO (AP) ? Thousands of Japanese marched to celebrate the switching off of the last of their nation's 50 nuclear reactors Saturday, waving banners shaped as giant fish that have become a potent anti-nuclear symbol.

Japan was without electricity from nuclear power for the first time in four decades when the reactor at Tomari nuclear plant on the northern island of Hokkaido went offline for mandatory routine maintenance.

After last year's March 11 quake and tsunami set off meltdowns at the Fukushima Dai-ichi plant, no reactor halted for checkups has been restarted amid public worries about the safety of nuclear technology.

"Today is a historic day," Masashi Ishikawa shouted to a crowd gathered at a Tokyo park, some holding traditional "koinobori" carp-shaped banners for Children's Day that have become a symbol of the anti-nuclear movement.

"There are so many nuclear plants, but not a single one will be up and running today, and that's because of our efforts," Ishikawa said.

The activists said it is fitting that the day Japan stopped nuclear power coincides with Children's Day because of their concerns about protecting children from radiation, which Fukushima Dai-ichi is still spewing into the air and water.

The government has been eager to restart nuclear reactors, warning about blackouts and rising carbon emissions as Japan is forced to turn to oil and gas for energy.

Japan now requires reactors to pass new tests to withstand quakes and tsunami and to gain local residents' approval before restarting.

The response from people living near nuclear plants has been mixed, with some wanting them back in operation because of jobs, subsidies and other benefits to the local economy.

The mayor of Tomari city, Hiroomi Makino, is among those who support nuclear power.

"There may be various ways of thinking but it's extremely regrettable," he said of the shutdown.

Major protests, like the one Saturday, have been generally limited to urban areas like Tokyo, which had received electricity from faraway nuclear plants, including Fukushima Dai-ichi.

Before the nuclear crisis, Japan relied on nuclear power for a third of its electricity.

The crowd at the anti-nuclear rally, estimated at 5,500 by organizers, shrugged off government warnings about a power shortage. If anything, they said, with the reactors going offline one by one, it was clear the nation didn't really need nuclear power.

Whether Japan will suffer a sharp power crunch is still unclear.

Electricity shortages are expected only at peak periods, such as the middle of the day in hot weather, and critics of nuclear power say proponents are exaggerating the consequences to win public approval to restart reactors.

Hokkaido Electric Power Co. spokesman Hisatoshi Kibayashi said the shutdown was completed late Saturday.

The Hokkaido Tomari plant has three reactors, but the other two had been halted earlier. Before March 11 last year, the nation had 54 nuclear reactors, but four of the six reactors at Fukushima Dai-ichi are being decommissioned because of the disaster.

Yoko Kataoka, a retired baker who was dancing to the music at the rally waving a small paper carp, said she was happy the reactor was being turned off.

"Let's leave an Earth where our children and grandchildren can all play without worries," she said, wearing a shirt that had, "No thank you, nukes," handwritten on the back.

___

Follow Yuri Kageyama on Twitter at http://twitter.com/yurikageyama

Associated Press

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সোমবার, ৭ মে, ২০১২

'Avengers' takes off with $18.7M at midnight shows

In this film image released by Disney, Chris Hemsworth portrays Thor, left, and and Chris Evans portrays Captain America in a scene from "The Avengers," expected to be released on May 4, 2012. (AP Photo/Disney, Zade Rosenthal)

In this film image released by Disney, Chris Hemsworth portrays Thor, left, and and Chris Evans portrays Captain America in a scene from "The Avengers," expected to be released on May 4, 2012. (AP Photo/Disney, Zade Rosenthal)

In this film image released by Disney, Chris Evans, portraying Captain America, left, and Robert Downey Jr., portraying Tony Stark, are shown in a scene from "Marvel's The Avengers" (AP Photo/Disney, Zade Rosethal)

In this film image released by Disney, Samuel L. Jackson portrays Nick Fury in a scene from Marvel's "The Avengers." The film will be released on May 4. (AP Photo/Disney, Zade Rosenthal)

LOS ANGELES (AP) ? Iron Man and his fellow avengers are off to a solid start as they bring their save-the-world act to U.S. theaters.

"The Avengers" launched domestically early Friday with $18.7 million from midnight screenings. That puts it at No. 8 all-time for midnight debuts, just behind the $19.7 million start for "The Hunger Games" in March.

But it's well under half the amount for the No. 1 midnight draw ? the "Harry Potter" finale last fall with $43.5 million.

"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2" also went on to the biggest domestic opening weekend ever with $169.2 million.

While "The Avengers" started modestly compared with the last "Harry Potter" flick, it still may end up among the top weekend openings ever. "The Hunger Games" followed its midnight start with a $152.3 million debut weekend, the No. 3 opening behind "Deathly Hallows: Part 2" and "The Dark Knight" at $158.4 million.

Produced by Disney's Marvel Studios unit, "The Avengers" already is a blockbuster overseas, where it opened last week in 39 markets.

Disney reported that through Thursday, "The Avengers" had taken in $304 million internationally. In barely a week, "The Avengers" has pulled in far more overseas than some of Marvel Studios' earlier releases in their entire run, including "Iron Man," ''Thor" and "Captain America: The First Avenger."

"The Avengers" assembles key Marvel Comics superheroes introduced in earlier films, including Robert Downey Jr. as Iron Man, Scarlett Johansson as Black Widow, Chris Hemsworth as Thor, Chris Evans as Captain America and Jeremy Renner as Hawkeye. Samuel L. Jackson reprises his role as superhero recruiter Nick Fury, and Mark Ruffalo makes his debut as the Incredible Hulk.

Associated Press

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Greek election impasse heralds lengthy instability

Left Coalition party leader Alexis Tsipras greets supporters with a clenched fist, in central Athens after elections on Sunday, May 6, 2012. Tsipras was projected to come second in the poll, behind the front-runner conservatives, on a pledge to cancel Greece's bailout agreements. (AP Photo/Kostas Tsironis)

Left Coalition party leader Alexis Tsipras greets supporters with a clenched fist, in central Athens after elections on Sunday, May 6, 2012. Tsipras was projected to come second in the poll, behind the front-runner conservatives, on a pledge to cancel Greece's bailout agreements. (AP Photo/Kostas Tsironis)

Greece's conservative leader of New Democracy Antonis Samaras waves to his supporters at the headquarters of his party in Athens, Sunday, May 6, 2012. Samaras called for a coalition government with two aims, for Greece to remain in the euro and to amend the terms of its international bailout. (AP Photo/Eurokinissi, Giannis Panagopoulos) GREECE OUT

An extreme far-right Golden Dawn party's supporter holds a flare during the elections results in the northern Greek port city of Thessaloniki, Sunday, May 6, 2012. Golden Dawn, which has vowed to kick out immigrants and mine Greece's borders with Turkey, was predicted to win between 6.5-7.5 percent, well above the 3 percent needed to enter parliament. (AP Photo/Nikolas Giakoumidis)

Greece's socialist leader, Evangelos Venizelos of the PASOK party leaves the podium after his statements in Athens on Sunday, May 6, 2012. Greece's former finance minister and Socialist party leader called for a broad coalition government of pro-European parties, ruling out a two-party government with his conservative rivals after his party received a drubbing in Sunday's parliamentary elections. The banner reads ''Self-sufficient Greece, PASOK.'' (AP Photo/Eurokinissi, Christos Bonis) GREECE OUT

Golden Dawn leader Nikolaos Michaloliakos, center, speaks during a news conference in front of a banner with the twisting Maeander, an ancient Greek decorative motif that the party has adopted as its symbol in Athens, Sunday, May 6, 2012. The far-right Golden Dawn party is set to win as much as 8 percent of the vote, according to exit polls, as Greeks punished traditionally dominant parties that backed harsh austerity measures tied to debt relief agreements. (AP Photo/Petros Giannakouris)

ATHENS, Greece (AP) ? Greece faces weeks of political turmoil that could scupper its financial bailout after voters angry at crippling income cuts punished mainstream politicians, let a far-right extremist group into Parliament and gave no party enough votes to govern alone.

Greek conservative leader Antonis Samaras, whose pro-austerity party came first in national elections but fell well short of a governing majority, is currently trying to form a new coalition government. Samaras has three days in which to build an alliance, after receiving the formal mandate from President Karolos Papoulias Monday.

Given the way the national vote split in Sunday's election, there are real doubts that Samaras ? or anyone else ? will be able to forge a new government that will command a majority in Parliament. Another election, possibly as soon as next month, looms for a country that is reliant on international support to avoid bankruptcy.

The one certainty was that parties backing the draconian international rescue package lost their majority in parliament ? raising the chances of a possible Greek exit from the common euro currency.

The uncertainty weighed on markets across Europe, with the Athens exchange tumbling 6.4 percent in afternoon trading.

Official results showed conservative New Democracy came first with 18.85 percent and 108 of Parliament's 300 seats. Samaras, who backs Greece's bailout commitments for austerity but has called for some changes to the bailout plan, will launch coalition-forming talks later in the day.

"I understand the rage of the people, but our party will not leave Greece ungoverned," Samaras said.

But even with the support of the only other clearly pro-bailout party elected, Socialist PASOK, New Democracy would fall two seats short of a governing majority.

If the deadlock does not ease, Greece faces new elections under a caretaker government in mid-June, about the time it has to detail new drastic austerity measures worth ?14.5 billion ($19 billion) for 2013-14.

In June, Athens is also due to receive a ?30 billion ($39.4 billion) installment of its rescue loans from the other countries in the 17-strong eurozone and the International Monetary Fund. If aid is cut off, analysts at Commerzbank estimated, the country would have trouble paying its debts by autumn. The consequences of a second Greek default might be messy enough however that some room for negotiation might exist, despite officials unwillingness to acknowledge that Monday.

German Chancellor Angela Merkel said Athens would still be expected to live up to its agreements, while conceding that the situation remained "not uncomplicated" and that the country needed "the opportunity to review the election results themselves."

"Of course the most important thing is that the programs we agreed with Greece are continued," she said.

Her remarks were echoed by a European Commission spokesman, Amadeu Altafaj Tardio, who stressed the need for "full and timely implementation" of Greece's agreement with its international creditors and underlined that "solidarity is a two-way street."

Analyst Vangelis Agapitos said protracted instability would threaten the country's eurozone membership. Greece's debt inspectors ? the eurozone, IMF and European Central Bank, collectively known as the troika ? could turn the screws by halting release of the bailout funds until Athens moves forward with its pledged reforms.

"Europe can live without Greece but I don't think Greece can live without Europe," he said. "If the troika is bluffing, Greece will remain in the euro. But if the troika says: 'I can negotiate, but first show me some progress,' Greece has no progress to display right now."

"If the troika rattles our bars, then either the people will come to their senses at the next elections or the country will enter an alternative course, and when we open that door we will see what kind of chaos ? or paradise ? lies behind," Agapitos said.

Sunday's big winner was the anti-bailout Radical Left Coalition, or Syriza, whose unprecedented second place with 16.78 percent gives it 52 seats.

Disaffected voters deserted PASOK and New Democracy, the two mainstays of Greek politics, leaving them at their worst level since 1974, when Greece emerged from a seven-year dictatorship. Instead, strong gains were registered by smaller parties, including the extremist Golden Dawn, which rejects the neo-Nazi label and insists it is nationalist and patriotic.

Golden Dawn has been blamed for violent attacks on immigrants and ran on an anti-immigrant platform, vowing to "clean up" Greece and calling for land mines to be planted along the borders. It got 6.97 percent of the vote ? a stunning improvement from 0.29 percent in 2009 ? and won 21 seats.

The election was Greeks' moment to vent their fury over two years of austerity that Athens has been pushing through to qualify for bailout loans. Incomes, benefits and pensions have been slashed repeatedly and taxes hiked. Unemployment has soared to a record of over 21 percent.

PASOK, which has spent 21 years in government since 1981 and stormed to victory with more than 43 percent in 2009, saw its support slashed to 13.18 percent.

Samaras is to meet with the leaders of PASOK and Syriza, as well as the head of a smaller, more moderate left-wing party, to seek coalition partners.

Both Samaras and PASOK leader Evangelos Venizelos indicated any unity government would have to include more than just their two parties.

But in a note that will likely raise alarm among Greece's creditors, Samaras insisted any coalition should renegotiate the terms of the bailout.

Riding high on his gains, Syriza leader Alexis Tsipras, aged 38, stuck to his anti-bailout position.

"The people have rewarded a proposal made by us to form a government of the left that will cancel the loan agreements and overturn the course of our people toward misery," he said.

___

Elena Becatoros in Athens, Raf Casert in Brussels and David McHugh in Frankfurt contributed

Associated Press

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Reach Your Goals With A Life Coach | Self Improvement Blogs from ...

Different fields of undertaking have specific sorts of coaches. For instance, a musician would need a vocal coach to prepare him for a performance, to help translate a song correctly, and to express emotions based on the musical piece. Some other examples include acting coaches for actors, athletic coaches for athletes, financial coaches for businessmen, and vocal coaches for public speakers.

Life coaching is a professional field that is focused on helping clients move from where they are now, to a life they?d like to be living. Using their talents, experience and coaching style, the life coach will support the client to reach his ideals and goals.

To begin with, the coach must figure out the client?s goals and what steps the client has already taken so far to reach these goals. From there, the life coach will draw an updated set of targets and goals incorporating both what has already been achieved and what should be done in days to come.

There are significant things that need considering when finding a life coach. First off , the life coach you choose will depend upon your ambitions. If your goal is to build strong relationships with the people around you, you?d need a personal life coach. If you are interested in career advancement opportunities, you would need a career coach. You?ll find that there?ll always be a personalized coaching program which can address your particular wishes and issues.

Some of the more standard reasons why one would need a life coach are as follows:

  • To understand and discover your individual values
  • To free the mind from worries
  • To form a budget and learn how to stick to it
  • To effectively express one?s self
  • To learn how best to handle strangers with ease
  • To enhance listening skills
  • To become better organized
  • To get through a period of transition
  • To free yourself from negative beliefs
  • To be the best you can be!

To find local life coaching check your Australian online business directory.

Leon Edward helps people in Personal and Career Growth, leadership Development, Goal Setting, Success, Motivation, Self-Improvement, Happiness, Memory Improvement, Stress Reduction and more through his articles, blog posts and special reports . Join Leon Edwards Awesome Success Free, Get his personal success, development and growth weekly newsletter as well as success classics and tips on attracting success and wealth. Visit his Success-Leadership Library, Articles at http://www.AwesomeSuccess.org Leon Edward also helps people improve IQ, focus, memory, concentration, creativity, speed reading, public speaking , time management and reducing stress. Download his IQ Mind Brain Memory Self-Help library at his website http://www.IQMindBrainLibrary.comLeon Edward helps people improve in Leadership Development, Goal Setting, Success, Motivation, Self-Improvement, Happiness, Memory Improvement, Stress Reduction and more through his articles, blog posts and special reports . Join Leon Edwards Awesome Success Free, Get his personal development training, success and growth weekly newsletter as well as success classics and tips on attracting success and wealth. Visit his Success-Leadership Library, Articles at http://www.AwesomeSuccess.org

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When flatulent dinosaurs warmed the earth

Mariana Ruiz Villareal

Calculations of dinosaur biomass suggest that plant-eating sauropods like the ones pictured here in an artist's conception could have contributed enough methane to warm Earth's climate 150 million years ago.

By Alan Boyle

Some scientific findings are just too good to leave alone, even if you don't know if they can ever be confirmed: Such is the case for a study saying that plant-eating dinosaurs could have emitted enough digestive methane to warm Earth's climate 150 million years ago.

"It is known that the time of these dinosaurs was warmer than now," said David Wilkinson, an environmental scientist at Liverpool John Moores University who's the lead author of a paper on the subject appearing in the journal Current Biology. "This is explained usually by an enhanced greenhouse effect, mainly carbon dioxide. If we are correct, then methane from sauropods may have been a contributor to this greenhouse effect."


Methane is a more potent greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide, and modern-day livestock are thought to be responsible for about a quarter of the methane released in the United States. Some say that the belches and flatulence of cattle, pigs and sheep are a significant contributor to the warming effect caused by greenhouse-gas emissions. So why wouldn't it have been the same in the age of giant plant-eating dinosaurs, when global biomass density was at least several times what it is today?

"All vertebrates that feed on leaves, etc., use microbes to help digest these, and usually give off methane," Wilkinson told me in an email. "This includes both mammals and reptiles. ... Although details vary within groups, everything around today does this, so the assumption is [that] larger herbivorous dinosaurs did as well."

He and his colleagues ran the numbers, using what they saw as conservative estimates for the total amount of dinosaur biomass and methane production rates per kilogram of body mass. They came up with a figure of 520 million tons of methane emitted per year, which is more than total modern-day methane emissions from all sources, natural and industrial. The current estimate for total methane emission is around 500 million tons a year, with 50 to 100 milllion tons of that coming from ruminant animals such as cows and goats, Wilkinson said.

"Our work certainly suggests biology and climate were involved in a feedback loop," he said.

Biologists have found that most of the modern-day methane emissions from livestock come from belching rather than flatulence. Was it the same for dinosaurs? "We have no particular view which end of the sauropod the methane came out," Wilkinson told me. "Could be either or both."

Chemical analysis of ancient marine sediments has found that greenhouse-gas levels went through a huge rise 201 million years ago, around the time of a mass extinction that set the stage for the rise of the dinosaurs. Scientists suspect that the atmospheric methane levels at that time were pumped up by a massive release of methane from the seafloor.?Such evidence suggests that plant-eating dinosaurs weren't responsible for starting the upswing in Mesozoic methane. But did they help preserve the methane-rich atmosphere and toasty temperatures until they were killed off by an asteroid strike?

Wilkinson noted that his paper was titled "Could Methane Produced by Sauropod Dinosaurs Have Helped Drive Mesozoic Climate Warmth?" ??not "Did Methane Produced by Dinosaurs Help Drive Climate Warmth."

"What our simple calculations show is that, yes, it could. It's a real possibility. But we don't show that it did happen," he said. "That would require much more work, and indeed it may be impossible to completely prove this without a time machine."

Extra credit: A dozen years ago, the BBC quoted a Chinese news report that quoted an unnamed French scientist as saying the dinosaurs were wiped out 65 million years ago not by an asteroid, but by their own flatulence. This hypothesis proposed that the methane emissions from the giant beasts became so great that the climate changed, the vegetation withered and the dinosaurs all starved. But that's just too silly to consider. Or is it?

More about methane:


In addition to Wilkinson, authors of the Current Biology paper include the University of London's Euan G. Nisbet and the University of Glasgow's Graeme D. Ruxton.

Alan Boyle is msnbc.com's science editor. Connect with the Cosmic Log community by "liking" the log's Facebook page, following @b0yle on Twitter and adding the Cosmic Log page to your Google+ presence. You can also check out "The Case for Pluto," my book about the controversial dwarf planet and the search for new worlds.

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I'll Have Another rallies to win Kentucky Derby

LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) ? I'll Have Another looked like just another horse at the Kentucky Derby.

Until the final furlong, that is.

That's when the chestnut colt ? sold for a paltry $11,000, ridden by a rookie jockey hardly anyone knew and stuck in an outside post ? blazed past highly regarded Bodemeister to win by 1 1-2 lengths on Saturday, beating one of the deepest fields in years.

I'll Have Another stormed out of post No. 19 ? the first winner from there in 138 runnings of the Derby ? and bided his time back in mid-pack while Bodemeister set a blistering pace on a muggy, 85-degree afternoon at Churchill Downs.

"He's an amazing horse. I kept telling everybody, from the first time I met him, I knew he was the one. I knew he was good," jockey Mario Gutierrez said. "I said in an interview, even if they allowed me to pick from the whole rest of the field, I would have stayed with him, 100 percent, no doubt about it."

Making his Derby debut at 25, Gutierrez got his chance to ride I'll Have Another after trainer Doug O'Neill and owner J. Paul Reddam happened to see him at Santa Anita in Southern California.

"I don't know if he won or not, but he really looked good in the irons to me," said Reddam, who owns CashCall, a lending company in Anaheim, Calif. "I said, 'We need to try some new blood.'"

It was another chapter in Gutierrez's unusual route to the Derby winner's circle. He followed in his father's footsteps as a jockey, getting on quarterhorses in Veracruz, Mexico, at 14. After a stint in Canada, he eventually started getting noticed on the West Coast, especially after winning the Santa Anita Derby last month.

"Top trainers, top owners, of course, they're not going to know anything about me," he said.

Still, Gutierrez was largely a mystery to the record crowd of 165,307, who didn't know 15-1 shot I'll Have Another or the jockey had the right stuff until the 20-horse field turned for home. That's when Gutierrez, who moved up between horses around the final turn, positioned his colt not far from the rail and set him down to run.

"I know my horse was reaching every single step of the way, but I wasn't going to stop riding until I was passing the wire," he said. "That is when the horse race is finished."

I'll Have Another overhauled a tiring Bodemeister to win by 1 1-2 lengths. He paid $32.60, $13.80 and $9. He ran 1 1-4 miles in 2:01.83.

Bodemeister, trained by three-time Derby winner Bob Baffert, was second and returned $6.20 and $5.60 as the 4-1 favorite. Dullahan was a neck back in third and paid $7.20 to show.

O'Neill didn't waste any time vowing that I'll Have Another will go on to the Preakness in two weeks.

"Maryland, here we come, baby!" he said.

They'll go to Pimlico as one of the favorites as a result of I'll Have Another's Derby win and his catchy name. It has nothing to do with alcohol; it's Reddam's response to his wife's nightly query of "Do you want any more cookies?" as he lounges on the couch.

It's an offer the portly Reddam rarely refuses.

I'll Have Another made his way to the starting gate accompanied by his stable pony, Lava Man, another cheap purchase turned into a career winner of more than $5 million by O'Neill. The trainer has made his name predominantly in Southern California, although he's won three Breeders' Cup races.

One of his best horses, Steviewonderboy, was the winter favorite for the 2006 Derby before being sidelined by injuries early that year.

"When you tell people you're in the horse racing game, they ask you, 'Have you won the Kentucky Derby?'" O'Neill said. "Now I can say, 'Yes, I have, 2012.'"

A hot pace was anticipated from speedster Trinniberg, although, surprisingly, it was Bodemeister under jockey Mike Smith who bolted to the front and forced Trinniberg to take a backseat. In the late afternoon heat, Bodemeister set impossibly fast fractions. He ran the opening quarter-mile in 22.32 seconds and the half-mile in 45.39.

"I told Mike, 'Look, if he breaks great and feels like running, we can win it," said Baffert, who was hospitalized just five weeks ago following a heart attack in Dubai. "That's the only time I've run second where I've been happy because he ran his race."

Meanwhile, I'll Have Another was comfortably galloping along behind the speedsters. Gutierrez angled his colt clear on the final turn and took dead-aim at Bodemeister, who was clearly in front at the top of the stretch.

"I knew we were in trouble when I saw Doug's horse coming," said Smith, who won the Derby with 50-1 shot Giacomo in 2005.

Union Rags, the 5-1 second choice, never had a chance. He got pinched at the start and was trapped between rivals. Gemologist, the 8-1 third choice, lost for the first time in six starts, finishing 16th.

Hansen, the Breeders' Cup Juvenile winner and 2-year-old champion, faded to ninth.

Went the Day Well finished fourth, followed by Creative Cause and Liaison.

Rousing Sermon was eighth. Daddy Nose Best was 10th, followed by Optimizer, Alpha, El Padrino, Done Talking and Sabercat. Trinniberg was 17th, followed by Prospective, Take Charge Indy and Daddy Long Legs, who was last.

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Roche stops heart drug trial as data disappoint

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'Avengers' scores No. 2 opening day with $80.5M

In this film image released by Disney, Chris Evans, portraying Captain America, left, and Robert Downey Jr., portraying Tony Stark, are shown in a scene from "Marvel's The Avengers" (AP Photo/Disney, Zade Rosethal)

In this film image released by Disney, Chris Evans, portraying Captain America, left, and Robert Downey Jr., portraying Tony Stark, are shown in a scene from "Marvel's The Avengers" (AP Photo/Disney, Zade Rosethal)

In this film image released by Disney, Chris Hemsworth portrays Thor, left, and and Chris Evans portrays Captain America in a scene from "The Avengers," expected to be released on May 4, 2012. (AP Photo/Disney, Zade Rosenthal)

In this film image released by Disney, Samuel L. Jackson portrays Nick Fury in a scene from Marvel's "The Avengers." The film will be released on May 4. (AP Photo/Disney, Zade Rosenthal)

(AP) ? Lots of superheroes add up to lots of money for "The Avengers."

The film featuring a team of Marvel Comics heroes pulled in $80.5 million in its domestic debut Friday, the second-best haul ever on opening day.

"The Avengers" trails only last year's "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2," which took in $91.1 million in its first day on the way to a record weekend of $169.2 million.

The huge opening for "The Avengers" launches what's expected to be a colossal summer for Hollywood, whose domestic revenues already were running 14 percent ahead of last year's going into the weekend.

Summer season began a year ago with the Marvel Comics adventure "Thor," one of the solo superhero sagas that led to "The Avengers." ''Thor" earned a respectable $65.7 million for the entire weekend, while "The Avengers" brought in far more than that in a single day.

The superhero summer continues through July with two more blockbusters in the making: "The Amazing Spider-Man" and "The Dark Knight Rises."

Produced by Disney's Marvel Studios unit, "The Avengers" already is more than halfway toward beating the opening weekends of the second and third films on the debut charts.

At No. 2 is "The Dark Knight" with $158.4 million in its first three days, while this spring's blockbuster "The Hunger Games" is No. 3 with $152.5 million.

"The Avengers" opened a week earlier in many overseas markets, where it has pulled in blockbuster cash in a matter of days. The film added $30.3 million internationally Friday, bringing its overseas haul to $334.3 million. Adding in its first-day domestic receipts, "The Avengers" has climbed to a worldwide total of $414.8 million.

Directed by Joss Whedon ("Buffy the Vampire Slayer"), "The Avengers" stars Robert Downey Jr. as Iron Man, Mark Ruffalo as the Incredible Hulk, Scarlett Johansson as Black Widow, Chris Evans as Captain America, Chris Hemsworth as Thor and Jeremy Renner as Hawkeye.

Samuel L. Jackson plays Nick Fury, the superhero recruiter who teams them up to fight off an invasion of Earth plotted by Thor's wicked brother (Tom Hiddleston).

Associated Press

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SwipeSelection for jailbreak brings iOS text editing concept video to life

Once again proving the velocity of jailbreak, no sooner did Daniel Hooper's concept video for an overhauled, gesture-based, keyboard-board iPad text editing update get reported, but it's now been coded up by Kyle Howells as SwipeSelection.


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Robert Creamer: If He Were President, the Far Right Would Lead Romney Around by a Ring in His Nose

Believe that, as President, Mitt Romney would revert to his days as a "Massachusetts Moderate?" Think again.

Every bit of evidence indicates that if he were President, the Far Right would lead Romney around by a ring in his nose.

Just last week, we saw it clearly on display. It didn't take but two weeks for the Far Right to force the Romney campaign to sever its ties with openly gay Richard Grinnell, who it had hired as its foreign policy spokesman. The campaign itself argued that it had begged Grinnell to stay. But right wing talk show host Brian Fischer of the American Family Association, who had led the drive to force Grinnell's resignation, declared it a major victory.

On his radio show, Fischer bragged that Romney had learned his lesson and would never again hire a gay or lesbian in a major campaign role. And you certainly didn't see Romney contesting that assessment.

Instead we've seen Romney lined up shoulder to shoulder on TV with Tea Party icon Michele Bachmann, and Virginia Governor Robert McDonnell -- a potential Romney VP pick and a champion of "trans-vaginal ultrasounds."

The reason why there is not a chance that Romney will ever reinvent himself once again as a "moderate" is that he wasn't really a "moderate" in the first place. He's always practiced one version or the other of ultra right wing, "let Wall Street run wild" Romney economics. And he's never given one thought to firing workers, cutting pensions, loading companies with debt and bleeding them dry of millions of dollars.

But you can't really say that he is a committed believer in any economic principle or political value. Mitt Romney is committed to one thing and one thing alone -- his own success. He has shown he has no core values whatsoever.

That's why it wasn't hard at all for Romney to shed his "moderate" past positions on issues like abortion rights, contraception, gay rights and immigration and to become what he himself calls a "severe conservative."

Why will he remain a "severe conservative" if he is elected President? Because people who have no core values have no backbone. You won't find Mitt Romney taking a stand against the dyed-in-the-wool ideologues that dominate the Republican caucus in Congress.

Those Republican ideologues may be way out of the mainstream, but they definitely have core values. Some of them were so committed to those values that they were willing to take our country to the brink of bankruptcy last year due to their unwillingness to give an inch of compromise.

The plain fact is that people with no core values never stand up to people who have core values. The fact is that Mitt Romney has the backbone of a jelly fish and that is precisely why the first time the ultra right wing pulls his chain and demands that he heel, he will fall right into line.

Even if he decided he wanted to challenge the right wing agenda propounded by the committed minions of the Tea Party, in a confrontation he would fold in an instant. When you have no core values, it's always much easier to go along with the demands of passionate, committed true-believers than it is to stand your ground.

And the Far Right knows this is true. Last week, right wing icon Grover Norquist was very clear. He said he was not looking for presidential leadership from Romney. He believes that the leadership of the Republican Party will continue to come from right wing Republicans in Congress. All he asked of a president, he added, was enough digits on his hand to hold a pen to sign the bills embodying Congress' right wing agenda.

Watch how Romney behaves when he delivers the commencement speech at far right Liberty University on May 12. Liberty University was founded by the late Moral Majority leader Jerry Falwell. Now it's run by his son, Jerry Falwell Jr.

After the 9/11 attacks, Falwell Sr. said that "abortionists," "feminists," and "the gays and the lesbians" helped cause the 9/11 attacks. According to CNN:

On the broadcast of the Christian television program 'The 700 Club,' Falwell made the following statement: 'I really believe that the pagans, and the abortionists, and the feminists, and the gays and the lesbians who are actively trying to make that an alternative lifestyle, the ACLU, People For the American Way, all of them who have tried to secularize America. I point the finger in their face and say 'you helped this happen.'

Until recently, Liberty University banned inter-racial marriages between its students. Today it requires parental permission.

As recently as 2010, Liberty University Law School withdrew as a co-sponsor of the Conservative Political Action Conference in protest after the conference allowed the homosexual group GOProud to co-sponsor the event.

When Romney speaks at Liberty University will he speak out against that kind of intolerance? Or, true to form, will he instead worship at the altar of ultra-right wing ideology and say just what the leadership of Liberty University wants to hear? I might be wrong, but I'll bet that not one critical word escapes his lips.

Romney's unwillingness to challenge the far right does not pertain solely to the social conservative right. It also goes for economic right wingers like Grover Norquist, who want to return America to the bad old days of more Bush-like tax cuts for the wealthy, and the deregulation of Wall Street that did such damage to the middle class and led to the Great Recession that cost 8 million jobs.

And it also goes for the Neo-Con foreign policy right. Seventy percent of the 40 individuals identified by the Romney campaign as its foreign policy advisers served in the Bush administration and were responsible for the catastrophic Neo-Con foreign policy.

No, in exchange for the Republican nomination, Romney has sold his soul to the extreme right. He has willingly walked into the right wing inner sanctum, and even if he wanted to, he doesn't have the backbone to escape.

Robert Creamer is a long-time political organizer and strategist, and author of the book: Stand Up Straight: How Progressives Can Win, available on Amazon.com. He is a partner in Democracy Partners and a Senior Strategist for Americans United for Change. Follow him on Twitter @rbcreamer.

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Follow Robert Creamer on Twitter: www.twitter.com/rbcreamer

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96% Monsieur Lazhar

All Critics (77) | Top Critics (28) | Fresh (74) | Rotten (3)

A sad, reflective study of the possibilities, and the impossibilities, inherent in the teacher-student relationship.

"Monsieur Lazhar" is good. Really good.

The film is rich in naturalistic, tossed-off details.

A standard liberal tale about an inspirational teacher gradually deepens into a quiet study of how grief works its way through a community.

It's all a bit neat. But whatever the film's limitations, it's certainly engaging to watch.

Its purpose is to present us with a situation, explore the people involved and show us a man who is dealing with his own deep hurts.

Some teachers will learn from it. All teachers will find it a reaffirmation of their vocation.

Fans of Nicolas Philibert's immaculate chronicle of the learning curve, ?tre et Avoir, are sure to appreciate the warm lessons of this award-winning Canadian film.

Monsieur Lazhar remains tight-lipped about his private life, but the audience comes to learn about the great human loss and danger of deportation that clouds his life.

Works awfully well, managing to be sweet and distinctly easy without feeling the need to talk down to the viewer at the same time.

Eloquent drama about contemporary issues like immigration, education, integration and the propriety of physical contact with students.

Only the most obstreperous delinquent could fail to be charmed by Monsieur Lazhar, in which an Algerian refugee plays ramshackle Mary Poppins to the kids at a Montreal primary.

The film invites comparison with Laurent Cantet's 2008 film The Class, which makes it look tame by comparison, but also Dead Poets Society, which makes it look tough.

Monsieur Lazhar becomes a deeply affecting film not for pathos but for the way sadness is conveyed so subtly. It's a small triumph of restrained compassion, coaxing throat lumps rather than jerking tears.

Canadian filmmaker Philippe Falardeau's warm, tidy character study [is] gratifying.

Despite its independent credentials, it feels like a softened remake of a rawer, more compelling story.

A timely examination of violence in our society through the eyes of those who can't control it.

Broaching tough material in a tactful, sensitive manner, Monsieur Lazhar is a potent, stirring gem of Canadian cinema.

You could almost describe 'Monsieur Lazhar' as a morality tale, but it's more thought-provoking than debate-provoking.

The result is a shrewd look at classroom etiquette and an achingly sad study of grief-stricken solitude, built on ace performances by Fellag and the kids...

It's a subtle meditation on catharsis, and a gentle indictment of over-regulated education...

An Oscar nominee at this year's Academy Awards and for good reason, Falardeau's film is moving, smart and sensitive. Terrific stuff, in short.

Notions of class, cultural, ideological and emotional violence - or perhaps a little of each - take on vastly difference meanings in this sensitively woven French Canadian journey through Algerian exile, student angst and outsider alienation

A quietly affecting character study...remarkable for its subtlety, charm, poignancy, and generosity of spirit.

More Critic Reviews

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রবিবার, ৬ মে, ২০১২

7 New Educational Startups Founded By Minorities in Tech

800px-Math_lecture_at_TKKOne of today's most challenging yet promising markets is the educational system. If you want to see startups hungry to disrupt an industry, look no further. Founders are trying to solve the problems plaguing our education system: including reconciling student debt, providing students with the skills required to land a job both before and after graduation, and offering the best course material online regardless of age, location and educational level. Millions of people are headed to the Internet to learn. And now everyone, from professors to entrepreneurs, are looking to launch a platform to solve the problem of a broken traditional educational system -- And many believe that Silicon Valley will have the answers.

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Review: The Walking Dead, Episode 1 ? Video Games Reviews ...



Everyone?s favorite zombie apocalypse franchise has reached yet another milestone as TellTale Games?has released the first installment of its serialized video game based on the wildly popular The Walking Dead. First released as a comic book, then adapted to television by cable network AMC, the dramatic storyline of the title makes for fine video game fodder as long as you enjoy deep story telling more than button mashing. Check out the trailer for the game posted above, then continue reading below for Geek.com?s review.

Walking dead title

Unlike other horror survival games like Left 4 Dead?and Resident Evil, The Walking Dead video game isn?t about blowing away anything that stand in your path. With its roots deep in the original comic book series, the popular franchise has always been about communicating the human experience during a post-apocalyptic world in which death is the consequence for a wrong decision. Deciding to take the rich storytelling that original author Robert Kirkman has focused on, TellTale games decided (wisely in my opinion) to create a ?playable comic book,? meaning that the focus is on story with action placed in a timely faction to keep things interesting. Being released in 5 parts over as many months, the serialized approach to the game gives you both something to look forward to and cliffhangers that will leave you wanting more. That being said, if you?re looking for a button-mashing zombie action title and could care less about storyline, The Walking Dead may not be for you.

Walking Dead battle

I have always been intrigued by the idea of a playable comic. Many different titles have tried to create an interactive title that resembles the famous ?choose your own adventure? Dungeons & Dragons books that TSR put out in the early 80?s, only to fail miserably in capturing the idea of allowing you to control your ?destiny.? After spending some time with The Walking Dead, I can say that I have finally found a game studio that truly understands the serialized video game genre, and has succeeded in creating a novelized title for consumption. These facts coupled with the amount of effort that has been put into the visuals of the game make the $24.95 season pass worth every penny.

The gameplay of The Walking Dead?is focused around exploration and learning about your environment, including the different people you meet along the way. Rather than furiously having to manipulate the controls to survive, you will notice that there is a lot of dialogue that needs to be listened and reacted to, with your answers affecting how the game flows forward (it?s choose your own adventure!). While the dialogue tells the story of the game, the background music, dark visuals and skillfully placed battle sequences that are peppered into the experience build an enjoyable tension that leaves you wondering what?s going to jump out at you.

Please excuse the following cliche, but it?s an?immersive experience that leaves you suspicious of everyone and everything you come into contact with.

Walking dead tension

While The Walking Dead?is definitely story-driven, it doesn?t mean that there isn?t any excitement. On the contrary, the battle sequences that I played through in Episode 1 are harrowing as you have a limited amount of time to make a decision that could mean life or death for you and the members of your party. What keeps this mechanic fresh is that while your reaction is dependent on only a single button press, there isn?t a dedicated move or attack mapped to the controls. You literally have to assess each option quickly and then pick the one that you think will have the best outcome. Without revealing any spoilers, sometimes the available decisions don?t look appealing in the least, leaving you to choose the course of action that will benefit you the most. This makes the title startlingly realistic, as when the chips are down in a zombie apocalypse it?s going to be every person for themselves when it comes to survival.

If you appreciate titles that take the time to tell a great story that?s combined with gameplay that will enhance your experience, then The Walking Dead?is a game that you can be confident in purchasing. The refined comic book visuals along with a cunning layout of the title will keep you enthralled as you work your way through each episode. If your gaming style is to seek the thrill that comes from being the best at dispatching hordes of zombies with as little ammo as possible, I really can?t see you enjoying this game very much.

The Walking Dead?is available for digital download on the Xbox 360, PS3 and PC. A Season Pass that gets you all the episodes as they are released is available for $24.99. For console gamers the first episode costs 400 points on Xbox Live and $19.99 for all 5 episodes or $4.99 to buy them a la carte on the PS3.

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White House Says President Obama Will Definitely Veto CISPA [Cispa]

President Obama has doubled down on his threat to veto the CISPA bill if it reaches his desk. He had previously threatened to veto the controversial bill, which has already passed the House and been amended, but the White House speaking up again means that the amendments aren't enough to save CISPA. Good. More »


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শনিবার, ৫ মে, ২০১২

Largest April Job Gains in Good-paying Careers

Our nation?s labor market added 130,000 private sector jobs in the month of April, while the unemployment rate fell to 8.1 percent, its lowest level in three years.

Employment in Major Industries Since the Employment Trough, April 2010 - April 2012. Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current Employment Statistics Program.

Over the last four months, we?ve added an average of 207,000 private sector jobs. Significantly, the labor market added 53,000 more private sector jobs in February and March than previously had been reported.

For 26 straight months, we have added private sector jobs. The national unemployment rate has fallen a full point in the last eight months. Layoffs are continuing to come down and are now back to 2006 levels.

In April, our largest gains ? 62,000 new jobs ? were in good-paying business and professional services careers, meaning more architects, engineers, computer programmers and consultants are finding jobs. Also, we added another 19,000 manufacturing jobs in April. After losing millions of good manufacturing jobs in the years before and during the deep recession, the economy has added 485,000 manufacturing jobs in the past 26 months.

We?ve now created more than 4.2 million private sector jobs under this administration. We are seeing a resilient U.S. labor market continuing to recover from the deepest recession since the Great Depression. But there are still too many unemployed workers who still need assistance to get retrained to get back to work.

Monthly Change in Total Private Employment, February 2008 to April 2012. Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current Employment Statistics Program

We?re on the right path, and we know our recovery would be even stronger if Congress hadn?t blocked almost every single proposed investment in the American Jobs Act. The president believes we should be doing more to help state and local governments hire back teachers, policemen, firefighters and construction crews. And he believes we should be doing more to cut taxes on small businesses that are the engine of economic growth.

Going forward, we have a choice to make. We can either make investments in things like education, transportation and new sources of energy ? investments that have always been essential to America?s businesses and to creating good middle class jobs. Or we give more tax breaks to wealthy Americans who don?t need them and didn?t ask for them.

Prosperity has never just trickled down from a wealthy few. Prosperity has always grown from the heart of a strong middle class. That?s why the president laid out a blueprint for an economy that?s built to last, based on investments that put America in control of its energy future, improve education and skills for our workers, and support small business and American manufacturing, so we can make more things the world buys.

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Rapid Sierra Nevada uplift tracked by scientists at the University of Nevada, Reno

Rapid Sierra Nevada uplift tracked by scientists at the University of Nevada, Reno [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 3-May-2012
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Contact: Mike Wolterbeek
mwolterbeek@unr.edu
University of Nevada, Reno

Nevada Geodetic Lab uses GPS and radar for most precise measurements over entire mountain range

RENO, Nev. From the highest peak in the continental United States, Mt. Whitney at 14,000 feet in elevation, to the 10,000-foot-peaks near Lake Tahoe, scientific evidence from the University of Nevada, Reno shows the entire Sierra Nevada mountain range is rising at the relatively fast rate of 1 to 2 millimeters every year.

"The exciting thing is we can watch the range growing in real time," University of Nevada, Reno's Bill Hammond, lead researcher on the multi-year project to track the rising range, said. "Using data back to before 2000 we can see it with accuracy better than 1 millimeter per year. Perhaps even more amazing is that these miniscule changes are measured using satellites in space."

Miniscule as they may be, the data indicate that long-term trends in crustal uplift suggest the modern Sierra could be formed in less than 3 million years, which is relatively quick when compared to estimates using some geological techniques.

Hammond and his colleagues in the University's Nevada Geodetic Laboratory and University of Glasgow use satellite-based GPS data and InSAR (space-based radar) data to calculate the movements to this unprecedented accuracy. The calculations show that the crust moves upward compared to Earth's center of mass and compared to relatively stable eastern Nevada.

The data may help resolve an active debate regarding the age of the modern Sierra Nevada of California and Nevada in the western United States. The history of elevation is complex, exhibiting features of both ancient (40? million years) and relatively young (less than 3 million years) elevation. The "young" elevation is the uplift Hammond and colleagues have tracked.

"The Sierra Nevada uplift process is fairly unique on Earth and not well understood." Hammond said. "Our data indicate that uplift is distributed along the entire length of the 400-mile-long range, between 35 and 40 degrees north latitude, that it is active, and could have generated the entire range is less than 3 million years, which is young compared to estimates based on some other techniques. It basically means that the latest pulse of uplift is still ongoing."

Possibly contributing to the rapid uplift is the tectonic extension in Nevada and a response to flow in the mantle. Seismologists indicate the mountain range may have risen when a fragment of lower plate peeled off the bottom of the lithosphere allowing the "speedy" uplift, like a ship that has lost its keel. In comparison, other ranges, such as the Alps or Andes, are being formed in an entirely different process caused by contraction as two plates collide.

"We've integrated GPS and InSAR measurement techniques, drawing from experience we developed in the past five years in our work with tectonic deformation, to see how the Sierra is gradually being pushed upwards," Hammond said. "Combined with more GPS stations, and more radar data, detecting motions in the Earth is becoming more precise and ubiquitous. We can see the steady and constant motion of the Sierra in addition to episodic events such as earthquakes."

###

Hammond's team includes Geoff Blewitt, Hans-Peter Plag and Corn Kreemer from the University of Nevada, Reno's College of Science and Zhenhong Li of the Centre for the Observation and Modeling of Earthquakes, Volcanoes and Tectonics, School of Geographical and Earth Sciences, University of Glasgow in the UK.

GPS data for Hammond and his team's research is collected through the team's MAGNET GPS Network based at the University of Nevada, Reno plus more than 1200 stations from the NSF EarthScope Plate Boundary Observatory and more than 10,000 stations from around the entire planet. These stations include hundreds that cover Nevada, California, Oregon, and Washington. The space-based radar data comes from the European Space Agency with support from NASA.

This research was funded in the United States by the National Science Foundation and NASA and in the United Kingdom by the Natural Environment Research Council.

Their paper, "Contemporary Uplift of the Sierra Nevada, western United States, from GPS and InSAR Measurements" will be published in the peer-reviewed journal Geology in July and has just been made available online.

For more information on Hammond, go to http://www.nbmg.unr.edu/Staff/Hammond.html. For the Nevada Geodetic Laboratory go to http://geodesy.unr.edu.

The University of Nevada, Reno has the largest GPS data-processing center in the world, which processes information from about 10,000 stations around the globe continuously, 24/7. The Nevada Geodetic Laboratory has all publicly available GPS data going back to 1996 and reprocesses all 15-million data files as new data streams come in every 30 seconds solving for tens of thousands of parameters at once. It enables real-time positioning for any users. People around the world use it extensively for research such as modeling earthquakes and volcanoes. The information is freely available to anyone on the Internet.

Nevada's land-grant university founded in 1874, the University of Nevada, Reno has an enrollment of 18,000 students and is ranked in the top tier of the nation's best universities. Part of the Nevada System of Higher Education, the University has the system's largest research program and is home to the state's medical school. With outreach and education programs in all Nevada counties and with one of the nation's largest study-abroad consortiums, the University extends across the state and around the world. For more information, visit www.unr.edu.


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Rapid Sierra Nevada uplift tracked by scientists at the University of Nevada, Reno [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 3-May-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Mike Wolterbeek
mwolterbeek@unr.edu
University of Nevada, Reno

Nevada Geodetic Lab uses GPS and radar for most precise measurements over entire mountain range

RENO, Nev. From the highest peak in the continental United States, Mt. Whitney at 14,000 feet in elevation, to the 10,000-foot-peaks near Lake Tahoe, scientific evidence from the University of Nevada, Reno shows the entire Sierra Nevada mountain range is rising at the relatively fast rate of 1 to 2 millimeters every year.

"The exciting thing is we can watch the range growing in real time," University of Nevada, Reno's Bill Hammond, lead researcher on the multi-year project to track the rising range, said. "Using data back to before 2000 we can see it with accuracy better than 1 millimeter per year. Perhaps even more amazing is that these miniscule changes are measured using satellites in space."

Miniscule as they may be, the data indicate that long-term trends in crustal uplift suggest the modern Sierra could be formed in less than 3 million years, which is relatively quick when compared to estimates using some geological techniques.

Hammond and his colleagues in the University's Nevada Geodetic Laboratory and University of Glasgow use satellite-based GPS data and InSAR (space-based radar) data to calculate the movements to this unprecedented accuracy. The calculations show that the crust moves upward compared to Earth's center of mass and compared to relatively stable eastern Nevada.

The data may help resolve an active debate regarding the age of the modern Sierra Nevada of California and Nevada in the western United States. The history of elevation is complex, exhibiting features of both ancient (40? million years) and relatively young (less than 3 million years) elevation. The "young" elevation is the uplift Hammond and colleagues have tracked.

"The Sierra Nevada uplift process is fairly unique on Earth and not well understood." Hammond said. "Our data indicate that uplift is distributed along the entire length of the 400-mile-long range, between 35 and 40 degrees north latitude, that it is active, and could have generated the entire range is less than 3 million years, which is young compared to estimates based on some other techniques. It basically means that the latest pulse of uplift is still ongoing."

Possibly contributing to the rapid uplift is the tectonic extension in Nevada and a response to flow in the mantle. Seismologists indicate the mountain range may have risen when a fragment of lower plate peeled off the bottom of the lithosphere allowing the "speedy" uplift, like a ship that has lost its keel. In comparison, other ranges, such as the Alps or Andes, are being formed in an entirely different process caused by contraction as two plates collide.

"We've integrated GPS and InSAR measurement techniques, drawing from experience we developed in the past five years in our work with tectonic deformation, to see how the Sierra is gradually being pushed upwards," Hammond said. "Combined with more GPS stations, and more radar data, detecting motions in the Earth is becoming more precise and ubiquitous. We can see the steady and constant motion of the Sierra in addition to episodic events such as earthquakes."

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Hammond's team includes Geoff Blewitt, Hans-Peter Plag and Corn Kreemer from the University of Nevada, Reno's College of Science and Zhenhong Li of the Centre for the Observation and Modeling of Earthquakes, Volcanoes and Tectonics, School of Geographical and Earth Sciences, University of Glasgow in the UK.

GPS data for Hammond and his team's research is collected through the team's MAGNET GPS Network based at the University of Nevada, Reno plus more than 1200 stations from the NSF EarthScope Plate Boundary Observatory and more than 10,000 stations from around the entire planet. These stations include hundreds that cover Nevada, California, Oregon, and Washington. The space-based radar data comes from the European Space Agency with support from NASA.

This research was funded in the United States by the National Science Foundation and NASA and in the United Kingdom by the Natural Environment Research Council.

Their paper, "Contemporary Uplift of the Sierra Nevada, western United States, from GPS and InSAR Measurements" will be published in the peer-reviewed journal Geology in July and has just been made available online.

For more information on Hammond, go to http://www.nbmg.unr.edu/Staff/Hammond.html. For the Nevada Geodetic Laboratory go to http://geodesy.unr.edu.

The University of Nevada, Reno has the largest GPS data-processing center in the world, which processes information from about 10,000 stations around the globe continuously, 24/7. The Nevada Geodetic Laboratory has all publicly available GPS data going back to 1996 and reprocesses all 15-million data files as new data streams come in every 30 seconds solving for tens of thousands of parameters at once. It enables real-time positioning for any users. People around the world use it extensively for research such as modeling earthquakes and volcanoes. The information is freely available to anyone on the Internet.

Nevada's land-grant university founded in 1874, the University of Nevada, Reno has an enrollment of 18,000 students and is ranked in the top tier of the nation's best universities. Part of the Nevada System of Higher Education, the University has the system's largest research program and is home to the state's medical school. With outreach and education programs in all Nevada counties and with one of the nation's largest study-abroad consortiums, the University extends across the state and around the world. For more information, visit www.unr.edu.


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